Labor: What to expect

No one can predict the duration of your labor, or how easy or challenging it will be! However, the following information will help you understand what will happen during the process, so you know what to expect along the way.

First Stage of Labor

The first stage of labor is divided into three phases: early, active, and transition. It officially begins with the onset of active labor and ends when the cervix is fully dilated to 10 centimeters.

EARLY PHASE
The cervix dilates (opens up) to 3 to 4 centimeters and begins to efface (thin).
WHAT IT FEELS LIKE  WHAT YOU CAN DO  WHAT YOUR SUPPORT PERSON CAN DO
  • Cramping
  • Mild contractions
  • Loose bowel movements or diarrhea
  • Excitement, ambition, apprehension
  • Eat lightly
  • Drink water
  • Rest and relax as best as you can
  • Change positions for comfort
  • Take a warm bath or shower
  • Time your contractions when you become more uncomfortable
  • Take care of last-minute household necessities so you can rest
  • Help time contractions

ACTIVE PHASE
The cervix is dilated to 6 to 8 centimeters and continues to efface (thin).
WHAT IT FEELS LIKE  WHAT YOU CAN DO  WHAT YOUR SUPPORT PERSON CAN DO
  • Increased perineal pressure
  • Stronger and longer
  • contractions
  • Increased discharge with bloody show
  • Use slow, deep breathing
  • Concentrate on relaxation
  • Change positions frequently
  • Walk if comfortable to do so
  • Use the bathtub or shower
  • Use slow, deep breathing
  • Concentrate on relaxation
  • Change positions frequently
  • Walk if comfortable to do so
  • Use the bathtub or shower

TRANSITION PHASE
The cervix is dilated to 10 centimeters. This is the most intense phase of labor.
WHAT IT FEELS LIKE  WHAT YOU CAN DO  WHAT YOUR SUPPORT PERSON CAN DO
  • Stronger and more frequent contractions
  • Lower backache
  • Urge to push
  • Extreme rectal pressure
  • Nausea and/or vomiting
  • Aching thighs
  • Fatigue
  • Irritability
  • Thoughts of giving up
  • Take one contraction at a time
  • Rest between contractions
  • Find your most comfortable position
  • Maintain a positive focus
  • Take one contraction at a time
  • Rest between contractions
  • Find your most comfortable position
  • Maintain a positive focus

Second Stage of Labor

The cervix is completely dilated. Now is the time you may begin to push. Pushing is the light at the end of the tunnel, but there is still hard work to be done.

WHAT IT FEELS LIKE  WHAT YOU CAN DO  WHAT YOUR SUPPORT PERSON CAN DO
  • You may begin to feel an overwhelming urge to push
  • Increased perineal pressure
  • A burst of energy or second wind

Note: Pushing may help to relieve the intense contraction pain

  • With guidance from your support person(s) and nurse find a comfortable and effective pushing position
  • Bear down with each contraction as if having a bowel movement

Note: Don't let embarrassment break your pushing rhythm - voiding/stooling while pushing means you are pushing correctly!

  • Help you get into position
  • Support your legs
  • Remind you to relax between pushes/contractions
  • Remain positive
  • Share in the birth experience

Third Stage of Labor

This stage may take from 5 to 30 minutes and goes from the delivery of your baby to the delivery of the placenta. Based on your provider and situation, you may have delayed cord clamping. During this time, your healthcare provider may begin to repair any tears with sutures.

Recovery from Labor and Delivery

This two-hour timeframe is for skin-to-skin and first bonding with your baby, so visitors should be limited. Your nurse will communicate additional goals/activities for the recovery period (ex. frequent assessment, fundal massage for you, etc.) To help stabilize your baby's temperature and maximize initial breastfeeding, we encourage a minimum of eight hours before your newborn receives his or her first bath.